Yasts: X. Mihir Yast

128:3 See above, p. 26, note 2. §§ 30-34 = §§ 56-59. 128:4 Doubtful (reading arenat-gaêsha?). 128:5 See § 82, note. 129:1 Doubtful. 129:2 The cattle. 129:3 The meaning is, that the cattle of the Mithradruges do not thrive, and that their pasture-fields are waste. 129:4 See Yt. XII. 129:5 As they flee from Mithra, they fall into the hands of Rashnu. 129:6 Thrâtâra; one might feel inclined to read thrâstâra, 'the fear-striking;' cf. § 36. 130:1 Cf. §§ 99-101. 130:2 Doubtful. The text is corrupt. 130:3 Doubtful. The number eight has probably an astronomical signification, each of the eight râtis of Mithra occupying one of the eight points of the compass. 131:1 Doubtful. 131:2 Cf. § 8. 132:1 Bundahis V, 3 seq.; cf. Yt. XII, 13, and Yt. X, 13. 132:2 The Haraiti Bareza is the same as Hara Berezaiti. 132:3 Sîrôzah I, 9, notes 4 and 5. 132:4 Doubtful (mâyaos). 132:5 Cf. Yt. VIII, II, 24, and Yt. X, 74. 133:1 §§ 56-59 = §§ 30-34. 134:1 The text is corrupt (vasô-yaonâi inatãm?). 134:2 Eredhwô-zangem: sudridhagaṅghatâ, kila kârye yad pâdâbhyâm yugyate kartum vyavasâyî saktaska (Yasna LXII, 5 [LXI, 23]). 135:1 Karsô-râzanghem: kêsvar vîrâi (Pahl. tr. ibid.). 135:2 From Ahriman; cf. Yasna XXIX, 6 (vyâna = vikârisn, visuddhatâ.) 135:3 Yaokhstivant: kâmakômand (possessing whatever he wishes for, Vend. XX, 1 [3]). 135:4 See Yt. X, 82, note. 135:5 From Yt. X, 23-24. 135:6 Cf. Yasna XLIII, 7: vyânayâ: amat vandînît, yat grihnâti.

135:6 Cf. Yasna XLIII, 7: vyânayâ: amat vandînît, yat grihnâti. 135:7 Cf. Yt. X, 5, p. 121, notes 1 and 2. 136:1 Cf. Yt. VIII, 38. 136:2 See above, p. 12, note 13. 136:3 Mithra himself (?). 136:4 Or 'invisible.' 136:5 The western Karshvare (see above, p. 123, note 5); this seems to refer to the career of Mithra during the night; cf. § 95. 136:6 And rolling upon it. 136:7 Cf. Yt. XIII, 89, note. 136:8 And uplifted. 136:9 Doubtful. 136:10 See above, p. 95, note 1. 136:11 See Vend. Introd. IV, 23. 137:1 Cf. § 98. 137:2 See Yt. XIV, 15; cf. Yt. X, 127. 137:3 Anupôithwa; cf. pôithwa (Vend. XIV [114]) = râninisn. 137:4 Literally, hands. 137:5 Doubtful. 137:6 The spine. 137:7 Cf. § 80. 138:1 They have worshipped him and he has consequently overcome the Mithradruges; this accounts for the word rejoicing. 138:2 Cf. Yt. X, 55. 138:3 Iric; cf. linquo. 139:1 The Genius of Truth (Yt. XII); Mithra gives a dwelling to the truthful man in the same way as he destroys the dwelling of the liar (§ 80). 139:2 Cf. § 70. 139:3 Aipi vithisi; Vedic api vyathis (VIII, 45, 29). 140:1 Yaokhsti, the root of Persian nyôsidan, Pahlavi niyôkhsîtan, to hear; one might be inclined to translate 'a thousand ears,' or 'a thousand hearings;' but the meaning of the word must have been rather more general, as Neriosengh translates it (pranidhi, IX, 8 [25]). 140:2 Dvâkina? 140:3 Pithê: mrityu (Yasna LIII [LII], 6). 141:1 Vâkem, the so-called vâg.

141:1 Vâkem, the so-called vâg. 141:2 Most manuscripts have added here, from the preceding clauses, 'with hands uplifted!' 141:3 An allusion to a myth in which Mithra was described as an Indra delivering the cows carried away by a Vritra: Firmicus Maternus called him abactorem boum (De Errore Profan. Relig. V); Commodianus compares him with Cacus: 'Vrtebatque boves alienos semper in antris Sicut et Cacus Vulcani filius ille.' [paragraph continues] (Apud Windischmann, Mithra, p. 64.) 141:4 See above, p. 132, note 2. 142:1 Haoma; cf. Yasna IX, 26 181]. 142:2 For the morning service in the Gâh Usahîn. 142:3 Cf. Vend. III, 1. 143:1 The Amesha-Spentas. 143:2 See Vend. Introd. IV, 22. 143:3 See ibid. 143:4 See Yt. V, 53; X, 11, 114; V, 53. 143:5 It should seem as if Mithra was supposed to retrace his steps during the night. The Hindus supposed that the sun had a bright face and a dark one, and that during the night it returned from the west to the east with its dark face turned towards the earth. 144:1 Cf. § 132. 144:2 See Vend. Introd. V, 19. 144:3 See ibid. IV, 24. 144:4 Cf. § 69. 144:5 Cf. Yt. X, 69. 144:6 §§ 97-98 = §§ 234-135. 144:7 Cf. § 97. 145:1 Fravôis; Parsi tradition translates large: frâz (tr. Phl.), buland (Asp., Yasna LVII, 15 [LVI, 7, 3]). 146:1 The Sind. 146:2 The Rangha or Tigris. The words âgeurvayêiti and nighnê, 'he seizes, he beats,' are the words used of the priest laying the Haoma in the mortar and pounding it with the pestle (Yasna, X, 2 [4-5]). The Sind and the Rangha are thus compared with the two parts of the Hâvana, the land between is the Haoma, and Mithra's arms are the arms of the priest.

146:2 The Rangha or Tigris. The words âgeurvayêiti and nighnê, 'he seizes, he beats,' are the words used of the priest laying the Haoma in the mortar and pounding it with the pestle (Yasna, X, 2 [4-5]). The Sind and the Rangha are thus compared with the two parts of the Hâvana, the land between is the Haoma, and Mithra's arms are the arms of the priest. 146:3 Sanakê, an ἅπαξ λεγόμενον; opposed to the aodhas of the Rangha, Yt. XII, 19. 146:4 The Arabian sea (?). Cf. Yt. XII, 21. 146:5 Who has not a ray of the celestial light: here, the man of little faith. 147:1 See above, p. 4, n. 5. 147:2 Âsna: Sansk. susîla (p. 34, n. 4). 147:3 He who offers thee a good sacrifice; cf. § 108. 148:1 Doubtful. 148:2 He who offers thee a bad sacrifice. 148:3 Doubtful. 148:4 See Vend. Introd. IV, 8. 149:1 When it clashes with another. 149:2 Kahvãn. 149:3 See Yt. V, 53; X, 11, 94. 149:4 The chief of the sacerdotal order, the so-called Maubedânmaused. 149:5 Or 'the contract is twentyfold . . . .,' that is, twenty times more strictly binding than between any two strangers. This passage is one of the most important of the Avesta, as a short account of the social constitution and morals of Zoroastrian Iran. 149:6 Of the same gild (svapaṅkti, ap. Neriosengh). 149:7 Hadha-gaêtha, co-proprietors of a gaêtha (a rural estate). 150:1 Doubtful. 150:2 A fair recognition of the jus gentium. 150:3 The contract between the faithful and the Law, the covenant (?).

150:3 The contract between the faithful and the Law, the covenant (?). 150:4 Reading [h]amahê ayãn. 150:5 The last clause is doubtful; the text is corrupt. 150:6 Prayer follows Mithra in his career, rising and setting with him. 151:1 Mithra. 151:2 The translation of this sentence is conjectural. 151:3 Thirty strokes with the Sraoshô-karana (upâzana; see Vend. Introd. V, 59); it is an expiation (âkayayanta) which purges them from their sins and makes them fit for offering a sacrifice to Mithra. One may find in this passage the origin of the painful trials through which the adepts of the Mithriac mysteries had to go before being admitted to initiation (οὐκ ἂν οὖν εἰς αὐτὸν δυνήσαιτό τις τελεσθῆναι, εἰ μὴ διά τινων βαθμῶν παρελθὼν τῶν κοάσεων δείξει ἑαυτὸν ὅσιον καὶ ἀπαθῆ. Suidas s. v., ap. Windischmann, über Mithra, 68 seq.). 152:1 The sutûd yêst; the last chapters of the Yasna, from LVIII [LVII] to end, according to Anquetil (Zend-Avesta I, 2, 232). 152:2 The first words of the Vispêrad. 152:3 Paradise. 152:4 Towards the abode of the Immortals. 152:5 Fed with ambrosia (ἀμβρόσιον εἶδαρ) like Poseidon's steeds (Il. XIII, 35; cf. Ovid, Metam. IV, 274). 152:6 Doubtful (simãmka simôithrãmka). 152:7 Metal. See Vend. Introd. IV, 33. 152:8 Upairispâta. 152:9 See Yt. XII. 153:1 See Yt. XVI. 153:2 See above, p. 12, note 13. 153:3 Cf. Yt. X, 70. 153:4 Or better, rushing before (pâiri-vâza; cf. the translations of pairi-dahvyu, Yt. X, 744 and pairi-vâra, Yt. I, 19). Cf. Yt. XIV, 75.

153:5 The Genius of Fire. 153:6 See p. 95, note 1. 153:7 A golden point. 154:1 Cf. Yt. X, 96. 154:2 The text has, they go . . . . 154:3 See above, p. 123, note 5. 155:1 §§ 134-135 = § 97-98. 155:2 Cf. Yt. X, 32. 155:3 Doubtful. Possibly, 'of a pious conscience.' 156:1 An unqualified priest; cf. Vend. IX, 47-57; XVIII, 1 seq. 156:2 Or, 'whose house is great.' 157:1 See Yt. VIII. 157:2 Ashi Vanguhi (?); cf. § 68. 157:3 Who watches around countries: aiwidahvyûm is translated (Pers. tr. of Mihir Nyâyis). 158:1 Âdahvyûm: ; cf. Yasna XXVI, 9 [28]. 158:2 Pairidahvyûm: . 158:3 Cf. Vend. Introd. IV, 8. 158:4 Cf. Vend. p. 22, note 2. 158:5 Cf. Sîrôzah I, 16. 158:6 Who sacrifices to Mithra.